Which of the following causes of infant death can be mistaken for Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS)?

The correct answer is hyperglycemia. Infants with hyperglycemia may present with symptoms that could resemble those seen in Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS), such as lethargy, poor feeding, or respiratory distress. Additionally, hyperglycemia can lead to worsening metabolic conditions, which may result in sudden and unexpected changes in an infant's status.

In contrast, while congenital anomalies, respiratory infections, and hyperthermia can all contribute to infant mortality, they tend to present with more distinct clinical signs and symptoms that can lead to a diagnosis prior to death. Congenital anomalies might be identified through prenatal screening or during the examination of the infant. Respiratory infections typically have observable symptoms such as coughing, fever, or difficulty breathing. Hyperthermia can be recognized through signs of overheating, such as flushed skin or lethargy. These conditions are less likely to be confused with SIDS, which is characterized by the sudden and unexplained death of an otherwise healthy infant, often during sleep.